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@uiten gisten atrnt @fitta JIM B. FULLER,.OF NORWICH, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR TO HIMSELF JAMES I. UPHAM, AND EDWIN 'I'. RICE.

Letters Patent No. 81,489, dated August 25, 1868.

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TO ALL WHOM IT MAY CON CERN i De it known that I, JIM B. FULLER, of Norwich, in the county of New London, and State of Connecticut,

' have invented a new and useful Improvement in Drawing Fibrous Substances, especially those like hemp, dax,

silk, China grass, and other fibres of unequal length; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the annexed drawing, making part of this specification, whereinl Figure 1 is an elevation, and

Figure 2 is a plan View of an apparatus showing my said improvement.

The same marks of reference indicate similar partsin both gures.

Heretofore the drawing' of bres has. been done by passing them between a series of rollers arranged in pairs, the back and middle pairs acting as holding-rollers, while the front pair draws out the bre,

' ofrthe roller C. E F arc the front drawing-rollers.

Fibres have also been drawn from the surface of a large roller, to which the fibres have been held by a series of small rollers vbearing and moving upon the surface of the large roller. They have also been drawn from the surface of a gill. y l

My improvement consists in the employment of a band, so bearing upon the surface of a roller that the i sliver or roving of, fibres of unequal length may be drawn with uniformity and evenness from bet'ween the said band,'or its equivalent, and the roller, by the usual drawing-rollers. i

In the drawing, A represents the' top part of an ordinary spinning-frame; B is the stand which supports I the rollers, hereafter described; C sa pulley or roller` on the shaft C. This pulley or roller may have a smooth surface, or the surface may be iluted or groov'ed, or it may have a regular or broken surface, or such grooved or brokensurfacc may be on the band d. I Y

' D D are two smallerpulleys or'rollers supported and running on studs attached to the stand Gr. d is auf' endless band, which passes around the pulleys D D', and also bears part way around the periphery or surface',

The drawing-rollers E F are so placed and adjusted, with reference to therolle'r C and the front point lwhere the band, or its equivalent, touches thc roller C, that a straight line, which shallvbe drawn tangent to the point last referred to, shall also bc tangent, or nearly tangent, to the nip or bite of the drawing-'rollers E F, and in making this adjustment, I prefer that'thc front point, where the band touches the roller C, shall be at thc highest or very nearvthe highest point of 'the roller C, so that the drawing-rollers may befplaced, one\` directly over the other, but this is not essential, as the relative position of the drawing-rollers may bechanged, so as to draw as proposed from Y any other point of the surface of the roller C. The drawings herewith show the drawing-rollers E F so placed as to' draw from a point below the highest point of the roller C.

The drawing-r`ollers E F are also-so placed that the distance from the '"cf the drawing-rollers to the point at which the sliver'or roving leaves the surface of the roller C, and theliba'nd d', shall be the same, ori` nearly the same, asthc length of .the shortest fibre of the sliver or roving to be drawn, and the bearing of the band d upon the surface of the roller C at the point of delivery shall be so light that the longer fibres of thc sliver er roving will be drawn from'bctween the band cZ'., and the roller C unimpeded, while the v'shorter fibresare held delicately or lightly until .they are seized andcarried forward by the bite of the drawing-rollers E F.

The drawing-rollers E Eure also so placed that the distance from thc bite of the drawings-rollers E F'to the point at which the sliver or roving is iirst received between the band cZ and the' surface of the roller C shall be the same, or nearly the same, as thc length of the longest fibres of the sliver or roving to be drawn, and the bearing of the band d upon the surface of the roller C, at the point at which the sliver orroving is first received between them, shouldbe such as to bite or hold the fibres of the sliver or roving firmly at that point, or the pulley D may be placed as is shown by the drawings herewith, and the holding maybe effected by a pair of ordinary holding-rollers placed behind the rollers C.

The operation of the improved apparatus is as follows:

Motion is communicated to the lower front roller F, by means of a pulley or gear on the shaft F. The upper front roller E revolves by friction. The roller C revolves by means-ot` a baud running around the shaft F and pulley Z. The motions are in the directions of the arrows.

The sliver or roving tobe drawn passes in between the band cl and the surface of the roller C, towards and between the drawing-rollers E F, which run faster than the roller C, causing'the sliver or roving to be drawn down ner, the fineness depending upon the d'ilbrence between the speed of vthe roller C and the rollers E F. l

In drawing, by this apparatus, fibres that tend to adhere or cling together when moist or wet, such as flax or hemp, I pass the sliver through water, or otherwise meisten' the fibres, before the sliver or roving reaches the roller C, and I then dispense with all pressure from the baud'd ou the sliver or roving, except at the point at which the pulley D presses upon the surface of'the roller C.

By-this apparatus, adjusted as described, I nd practically the drawing. of fibres unequal in length is rendered much more uniform and reliable than by the hitherto known methods of drawing such fibres, for by my apparatus the long brescan be drawn without breaking, and unimpeded, while the short br'es are held with a gentle and yielding pressure in contact with the longer fibres until they are seized and carried forward by the drawing-rollers.

It will be evident that this method of'drawing fibrous substancesmay be employed upon spinning-frames,

Speeders, railway-heads, or other` machinery for drawing bres.

I have represented the guide U, spindle H, spool J, and frieten-cord and weight O for spinning and winding the thread on the spool or bobbn ;A and th'edever P, on the fulcruml'l, actuated by a cranlepin in the'gear R, that is moved by the worm S, isemployed to increase friction on the spool as the winding progresses, by moving the bar M and causing the-frietion-eord L to partially wind around the grooved pulley I of the spool J.

I de not claim a belt or belts passing over. rollers, and used in combination with a gill-frame or drawingapparatus, as is described and shown in Newtons English patents, No. 1,336 for 1860, and No. 552 for 1857, in both of which belts are employed,.but not in the manner nor forthe purpose hereinbefore set forth. v

I do not claim supporting the sl-iver or roving, while being drawn, by lapping the same over or under a portion of the surface of one or more'rollers, as is shown in Tathams English patent, No. 2,227 of 1862,- nor do I claim drawing the sliver or roving from between a series of small rollers and the surface of a large roller, as is shown by Kendrew and Porthouses English patent, No. 1,613, of 1787.

'What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is`

The roller C, the band d', and drawing-rollers E F, adjusted and arranged substantially Iasdescribcd, and for the purposes specified.

Dated, July 24, 1867.

JIM B. FULLER.

Witnesses:

'FREDERICK 'M. ATKINs, D. B. BURNETT.I 

